Development and Deployment of Public Transport Policy and Planning in Taiwan

Over the past decade, the escalating roadway congestion and environmental deterioration due to heavy use of private vehicles have provoked the Taiwan government to realize the importance of public transport systems. Under the “carrot-and-stick” rationales, the government has formulated public transport policies and exercised a series of related initiatives by providing sufficient and higher quality of public transport services so as to attract more private vehicle users. In this paper, the planning philosophy and policy formulation of Taiwan’s public transport development are highlighted. The most important initiatives, including the Five-year Enhancement of Mass Transportation Program and the upgrading public transport schemes in the National Development Plan are examined. Based on previous experience and lessons, we point out the most challenging issues that the government will encounter. Suggestions for the future of public transport planning are also addressed.     

A scenario on the evolving road service informatics in Europe

Road Transport Informatics is being developed to improve road transport. Telecommunication links will connect microcomputers in vehicles with roadside beacons and traffic control centers. Drivers can get better information and guidance en route. If these functions are charged as services rather than sold as products, a better traffic can be obtained. This can improve traffic safety, efficiency and the environment.     

个人快速交通技术发展现状与应用展望

个人快速交通将进入商业化运营.对个人快速交通的发展历程、类型与技术经济特征进行了较为系统的论述.依据其目前实施情况,给出了可能的应用方向.个人快速交通较适合在下列场合使用:特定场所(如机场、高档开发区等),都市繁华区域短距离联系,市郊有较高活力的区域.为我国城市交通选型提供借鉴.     

JQ900型下导梁架桥机方案研究

介绍JQ900型下导梁架桥机工作原理、主要技术参数、性能及各项施工方案。     

基于模糊因素的铁路旅客满意度的综合评价

从铁路旅客运输自身特性及旅客满意度评价特性两方面出发,通过分析铁路旅客满意度的影响因素,确定评估旅客满意度的评价指标体系。并采用模糊综合评价方法,建立了铁路旅客满意度模糊综合评价模型,结合铁路旅客问卷调查结果,对目前铁路旅客满意度水平进行了综合评价,从而为提高和改进铁路运输服务质量和服务水平、提高铁路运输的综合竞争力提供参考依据。     

我国水运工程测量技术现状及展望

依据《水运工程测量规范》以及现实水运工程测量服务内容首次对水运工程测量进行了详细分类,该分类涵盖了水运工程测量所能提供服务的全部内容,并根据此分类对水运工程测量现阶段的理论发展和应用技术手段状况进行了详细分析,同其他领域中的测绘水平进行了比较分析,综合评价了水运工程测量在现代测绘领域中发展的技术水平和地位。根据目前水运工程测量的实际服务能力指出了水运工程测量行业存在的问题,并就测绘理论和技术手段的发展,针对水运工程测量的特点和今后水运工程发展的实际要求,对水运工程测量的发展方向进行了预测。     

Aggregate expenditure elasticity for transport and communication in Australia

For the purpose of estimating Engel elasticity, one needs to find the best functional form among various alternatives. In this paper, a new function, which is called the double semi-log Engel function turns out to be the best functional form for the transport and communication items in Australia on the basis of the distance function (D²) criterion, and the non-nested hypothesis testing procedure. This function is then used to estimate total expenditure elasticity, and the percentage change in consumer demand due to changes in total expenditure and total expenditure inequalities; using the 1975–76 Household Expenditure Survey data. The results of the analyses demonstrate that transport and communication is a necessary item in Australia on the basis of two criteria, viz., its elasticity is not significantly greater than unity, and the percentage change in demand increases with a decrease of the total expenditure inequality [emphasised by Iyengar (I960)]. Policy implication of the analyses has also been discussed.     

原油运输市场分析

分别概述了世界与中国的石油资源储量分布、可持续开采年数、不同地区的生产量与消耗量、以及产销平衡状况,由此派生的全球不同地区原油、成品油的进出口量、海运量与主要的海运航线,我国石油进口的主要来源和途径;分析了油轮的船型和船龄的分布,进而预测了世界上几种主要原油轮运力的供应、需求、船价与运价的发展趋势。这些分析和预测可以作为制定油轮发展的技术政策、战略、规划等宏观决策时的参考。     

改进的BP神经网络在铁路客运量时间序列预测中的应用

针对目前铁路客运量预测方法的不足,采用改进的BP神经网络对铁路客运量时间序列进行预测。分析改进的BP神经网络原理,对1980年—1998年的铁路客运量进行归一化处理,建立铁路客运量时间序列神经网络预测模型,设计网络参数,进行网络学习与训练的仿真试验。对比分析改进的BP神经网络与标准的BP神经网络预测结果,证明改进的BP神经网络预测结果更准确,精度更高。